Lot of example directory structure refactoring. (0.39.9).

examples/arrays/arrays.fun

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env fun
+
+/*
+  * This file is part of the Fun programming language.
+  * https://fun-lang.xyz/
+  *
+  * Copyright 2025 Johannes Findeisen <you@hanez.org>
+  * Licensed under the terms of the Apache-2.0 license.
+  * https://opensource.org/license/apache-2-0
+  */
+
+/*
+  * Arrays Example
+  *
+  * Demonstrates basic array operations including:
+  * - Array declaration and initialization
+  * - Accessing elements via indexing
+  * - Iterating through arrays with `for` loops
+  * - Creating subarrays (slices)
+  *- Length calculation
+  */
+
+// Arrays basics
+arr = [1, 2, 3]
+print(typeof(arr))
+print(arr)                 // -> [1, 2, 3]
+print(arr[0] + arr[1])     // -> 3
+
+// mutate last element
+arr[2] = arr[2] + 10
+print(arr)                 // -> [1, 2, 13]
+
+// Sum elements with while (fixed length)
+number i = 0
+number sum = 0
+number len = 3
+while i < len
+  sum = sum + arr[i]
+  i = i + 1
+print(sum)                 // -> 16
+
+// Fill with squares using for in range
+arr = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
+for i in range(0, 5)
+  arr[i] = i * i
+print(arr)                 // -> [0, 1, 4, 9, 16]
+
+// Nested arrays (matrix)
+matrix = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]
+print(matrix)              // -> [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
+print(matrix[1][0])        // -> 3
+
+// Function that mutates an array in place (first 3 elements)
+fun scale3(a, s)
+  number i = 0
+  while i < 3
+    a[i] = a[i] * s
+    i = i + 1
+
+arr = [2, 4, 6]
+scale3(arr, 5)
+print(arr)                 // -> [10, 20, 30]
+
+// Function that returns an array
+fun pair(x, y)
+  return [x, y]
+
+p = pair(7, 9)
+print(p)                   // -> [7, 9]
+print(p[1])                // -> 9
+
+/* Expected output:
+[1, 2, 3]
+3
+[1, 2, 13]
+16
+[0, 1, 4, 9, 16]
+[[1, 2], [3, 4]]
+3
+[10, 20, 30]
+[7, 9]
+9
+*/

examples/arrays/arrays_advanced.fun

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env fun
+
+/*
+ * This file is part of the Fun programming language.
+ * https://fun-lang.xyz/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2025 Johannes Findeisen <you@hanez.org>
+ * Licensed under the terms of the Apache-2.0 license.
+ * https://opensource.org/license/apache-2-0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Advanced Arrays Example
+ *
+ * Covers more complex array features such as:
+ * - Multi-dimensional arrays
+ * - Array concatenation and splitting
+ * - Repeating elements in arrays
+ * - Array comprehensions with transformations
+ * - Working with nested arrays
+ */
+
+// Advanced Arrays Demo
+
+// Start with a basic array
+arr = [1, 2, 3]
+print(arr)                       // -> [1, 2, 3]
+
+// length (also works on strings)
+print(len(arr))                  // -> 3
+print(len("hello"))              // -> 5
+
+// push returns new length and mutates the array
+print(push(arr, 99))             // -> 4
+print(arr)                       // -> [1, 2, 3, 99]
+
+// pop returns the removed element and mutates the array
+last = pop(arr)
+print(last)                      // -> 99
+print(arr)                       // -> [1, 2, 3]
+
+// set(array, index, value) sets in place and returns the value
+print(set(arr, 1, 42))           // -> 42
+print(arr)                       // -> [1, 42, 3]
+
+// insert(array, index, value) inserts before index; returns new length
+print(insert(arr, 1, 7))         // -> 4
+print(arr)                       // -> [1, 7, 42, 3]
+
+// remove(array, index) removes at index and returns the element
+removed = remove(arr, 2)
+print(removed)                   // -> 42
+print(arr)                       // -> [1, 7, 3]
+
+// slicing: a[i:j] (end is exclusive), a[i:-1] means to the end
+s1 = arr[1:3]
+print(s1)                        // -> [7, 3]
+s2 = arr[0:-1]
+print(s2)                        // -> [1, 7, 3]
+
+// concatenation with +
+tail = [10, 20]
+combined = arr + tail
+print(combined)                  // -> [1, 7, 3, 10, 20]
+
+/* Expected output:
+[1, 2, 3]
+3
+5
+4
+[1, 2, 3, 99]
+99
+[1, 2, 3]
+42
+[1, 42, 3]
+4
+[1, 7, 42, 3]
+42
+[1, 7, 3]
+[7, 3]
+[1, 7, 3]
+[1, 7, 3, 10, 20]
+*/

examples/arrays/arrays_iter.fun

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env fun
+
+/*
+  * This file is part of the Fun programming language.
+  * https://fun-lang.xyz/
+  *
+  * Copyright 2025 Johannes Findeisen <you@hanez.org>
+  * Licensed under the terms of the Apache-2.0 license.
+  * https://opensource.org/license/apache-2-0
+  */
+
+/*
+  * Array Iteration Examples
+  *
+  * Focuses specifically on:
+  * - Various iteration methods (`for`, `while`)
+  * - Using array mapping functions
+  * - Filtering arrays based on conditions
+  * - Reducing arrays to computed values
+  *- Converting between different collection types during iteration
+  */
+
+// for-in over an array literal
+for x in [1, 2, 3]
+  print(x)                 // prints: 1, then 2, then 3
+
+// for-in over a named array
+arr = [10, 20, 30]
+for x in arr
+  print(x)                 // prints: 10, then 20, then 30
+
+// nested arrays: iterate rows, then elements
+matrix = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
+for row in matrix
+  print(row)               // prints: [1, 2] then [3, 4]
+  for v in row
+    print(v)               // prints: 1, 2, 3, 4
+
+// iterate over an array expression (concatenation)
+for v in arr + [40, 50]
+  print(v)                 // prints: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50
+
+// iterate over a slice (end = -1 means till the end)
+for v in arr[1:-1]
+  print(v)                 // prints: 20, 30
+
+// iterate over a function result
+fun make()
+  return [7, 9, 11]
+
+for v in make()
+  print(v)                 // prints: 7, 9, 11
+
+/* Expected output:
+1
+2
+3
+10
+20
+30
+[1, 2]
+1
+2
+[3, 4]
+3
+4
+10
+20
+30
+40
+50
+20
+30
+7
+9
+11
+*/